India is currently witnessing the third wave of Covid-19 as the number of infections is rising once again. The Indian SARS-CoV-2 Genomics Consortium (INSACOG) has said in its latest bulletin that Covid-19 has reached the community transmission stage. Community spread of an epidemic occurs when an infectious disease is transmitted from an already infected person, not from person to group, making it difficult to identify the origin of the infection.
INSACOG, a central government organisation, works for laboratory examinations of mutations of the coronavirus across the country to understand the further developments and chain of this infection.
An epidemic begins when an infected person travels to a highly populated area or public place, leaving the infection in the air. After this, the people present in that particular area get infected, which creates an epidemic situation.
After a few days, the virus starts spreading among people and it becomes difficult to identify the origin of the virus. This gradually leads to the stage of epidemic which is considered to be the stage of community transmission. It simply means that it becomes very difficult to trace the chain of infection.
Health experts believe that community transmission is the final stage of an epidemic, but recent WHO reports say it has three stages before it ends.
No active cases are found in the first phase. In the second, sporadic cases are found and in the last and third phase, a cluster of cases are reported. If no new cases are identified for the next 28 days, then it is considered as no active case. According to the WHO, hundreds of thousands of new cases of Kovid-19 and omicrons have been reported in the last two weeks. This can be referred to as a cluster of cases, which means that the epidemic has reached clusters.
In the early stages of the epidemic, different strategies are made to break the chain of the virus. When only sporadic cases are detected, rapid tests are carried out and strategies are put in place to identify the origin of the virus, thereby isolating the infected persons. This process reduces the number of people carrying the virus, thereby breaking the chain of infection between people.
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