The terms epidemic, epidemic and endemic are sometimes used incorrectly.
Omicron Coronavirus Variants: Pandemic and Pandemic are anything but two words with similar meanings.
The outbreak of COVID-19 has gained more than ever the words pandemic and pandemic in common usage. However, they often confuse and use the two words incorrectly but it is understandable as both the words have been used for disease outbreaks. As ignorant as it sounds, a common reason people use the two words interchangeably is because they end with ‘demonic’. Pandemic and Pandemic are anything but two words with similar meanings. Let’s clear the confusion between pandemic, endemic and epidemic in the easiest way.
local
Endemic is when a disease is confined to a particular place or population. A disease is said to be endemic when a particular segment of the population being affected by it remains relatively stable over time. The number of cases may vary over the years for a particular region but only on an insignificant scale. Also, that one area may have more infected cases than other areas. An example of an endemic is malaria, which affects millions of people worldwide each year but most cases are reported from the tropics.
Epidemic
When a disease affects many people at the same time and spreads from one to another within a community, population or area where it is not prevalent, it is called an epidemic. It may be post-endemic, meaning that the number of infected cases in that particular area exceeds the normally expected level. Epidemics are confined to a certain area, where a virus mutates and spreads rapidly to many people. Epidemic differs from endemic because the number of cases is much higher than usual in the past and the virus mutates quickly in that particular area. For example, when COVID-19 was spreading rapidly in China, it was a pandemic. When it reached the whole world, it became a pandemic.
global pandemic
Epidemics occur on a very large scale, that is, worldwide. A pandemic is the spread of a virus across a continent or across the world. COVID-19 became a pandemic when it affected people around the world, constantly mutating and spreading rapidly. An epidemic can last for a few weeks or several years and is caused by a new virus or strain of a virus against which people have no immunity. Mortality rates in epidemics are much higher than those in epidemics and endemics. Besides COVID-19, the influenza pandemic of 1918–1919 is another example of a pandemic.
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