The Health Ministry, in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Center for Disease Control (NCDC), is preparing comprehensive guidelines for the treatment and prevention of monkeypox.
In a recent interim advisory to all states and union territories, the ministry said that health facilities should raise suspicion on those “who otherwise present with an unexplained rash and who have traveled to that country in the last 21 days”. , which has occurred recently. Report a confirmed or suspected case of monkeypox or contact with any person or people with confirmed or suspected monkeypox.”
Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus. It can be spread from animals to humans; And also among the people. Symptoms include fever, severe headache, muscle aches, back pain, low energy, swollen lymph nodes and skin rash or sores.
According to World Health Organization, the rash usually begins within one to three days after the onset of fever. The wound may be flat or slightly raised, filled with a clear or yellowish fluid, and then crust, dry and fall off.
The Center has directed the states to report all suspected cases to the District Surveillance Officer of the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme.
The advisory recommends sending laboratory samples containing fluid from vesicles, blood, sputum etc. to NIV in Pune for monkeypox testing in case of suspicion. If a positive case is detected, contact tracing should be initiated immediately to identify the contacts of the patient in the last 21 days, the advisory said.
According to the advisory, monkeypox can spread from animal to human and from human to human. The virus enters the body through broken skin (even if not visible), the respiratory tract, or mucous membranes (eyes, nose, or mouth). Human-to-human transmission is believed to occur primarily through large respiratory droplets, which usually require prolonged close contact.
It can also be transmitted through direct contact with body fluids or wound material, and through indirect contact with wound material, such as through contaminated clothing or linens from an infected person.
The clinical presentation of monkeypox is similar to that of smallpox, a related orthopoxvirus infection that was eradicated worldwide in the 1980s. Monkeypox is less contagious than smallpox and causes less severe illness.
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