Among the top four major emitters, China is estimated to have the highest emissions followed by the US, the European Union (27 countries) and India. Although India is projected to have the highest percentage growth this year, the country will remain at the fourth position overall.
The report comes as climate negotiators from more than 190 countries are working on a common action plan, including finalizing carbon market rules, to control overall emissions.
The report, released on the sidelines of the ongoing United Nations Climate Conference (COP26) on Thursday, shows that although global carbon emissions fell by 5.4% in 2020 amid the Kovid lockdown, it is now 4.9% this year. estimated to increase from 4.1% to 4.1%. 5.7% to a total of 36.4 billion tonnes. Coal and gas use is rising more in 2021 than falling in 2020. Emissions from coal use are projected to be above 2019 levels in 2021, but below their peak in 2014.
Emissions in the US and EU are returning to pre-Covid trends of decreasing CO2 emissions. However, their emissions are higher than that of India in absolute terms. For the rest of the world as a whole, fossil CO2 emissions remain below 2019 levels.
The findings come as negotiators have also begun discussing the finer points of carbon markets (Article 6 of the Paris Agreement) to formulate its rules in COP 26 for implementation. A new draft text on Article 6 was released on Monday. Although the carbon market is considered a tool for tackling the issue of emissions from large emitters, there remain differing views on issues with negotiators as to how to trade in ‘carbon credits’, which are in fact rapidly depleting carbon footprints. The space landscape can help developing countries. .
“The rapid rebound in emissions as economies recover from the pandemic reinforces the need for urgent global action on climate change,” it said. Pierre Friedlingstein Exeter’s global systems institute who led the study.
For a 50% chance of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, 1.7 °C and 2 °C, the researchers estimate that the remaining “carbon budget” is now reduced to 420 billion tonnes, 770 billion tonnes and 1,270 billion tonnes, respectively. equivalent to 11, 20 and 32 years from the beginning of 2022.
“Reaching ‘net zero’ CO2 emissions by 2050 requires cutting global CO2 emissions by an average of 1.4 billion tonnes each year. Emissions fell by 1.9 billion tonnes in 2020 – therefore, achieving ‘net zero’ by 2050.” For this, we will have to cut emissions every year by the same amount as was seen during Covid. This highlights the scale of action that is now needed, and therefore the importance of the COP26 discussions,” Friedlingstein said.
The study shows that total global emissions have remained relatively stable over the past decade, averaging 39.7 billion tonnes of CO2. Emissions from forests and soil have increased over the past two decades, while emissions from deforestation and other land-use changes have remained relatively stable, suggesting a recent decline in net emissions from land-use change. “Based on the findings, atmospheric CO2 concentrations are projected to increase from 2.0 ppm to 415 ppm in 2021, which is a lower increase compared to recent years due to La Nia conditions in 2021,” the study said.
The Global Carbon Project is an international research project within the Future Earth Research Initiative on Global Sustainability, and is a research partner of world climate research program.
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