Today’s history: 75 years ago, Indo-Pak partition was announced, Kashmir problem met with independence from one condition involved in it

Exactly 75 years ago today, it was announced to split India into two pieces. On 3 June 1947, the Viceroy Lord Mountbatten announced the bifurcation of India into India and Pakistan. This partition made millions of people refugees in their own country. It is said that during this period about 1.25 crore people were displaced. This was the largest displacement in history for any political reason. Lakhs of people died in the riots during the partition.

India became independent on 15 August 1947, but with this independence, India was also partitioned. On 14 August 1947, a day before India’s independence, Pakistan became a new country.

In fact, after the end of the Second World War, on one hand the voices for independence in the country were being raised, while on the other side religious forces were also raising their heads. There were communal riots everywhere. There was an atmosphere of turmoil in the country. Finally, in February 1947, the British government announced the independence of India, the responsibility of which was handed over to the then Viceroy of India, Lord Mountbatten.

Jawaharlal Nehru and Liaquat Ali Khan came to pick up Mountbatten at Palam airport. After independence, Nehru became the Prime Minister of India and Liaquat Ali Khan of Pakistan.

Mountbatten came up with a plan whereby he proposed that the provinces be declared independent successor states and then allowed to choose whether to join the Constituent Assembly. This plan was called ‘Dickie Bird Plan’. Jawaharlal Nehru opposed this plan and said that it would split the country into pieces and create an atmosphere of anarchy. This is from April 1947.

After the announcement of partition, there was an atmosphere of panic in the whole country. Lakhs of people were displaced from India to Pakistan and Pakistan to India.

Mountbatten then, after long discussions with the leaders of the Congress and the Muslim League, presented a plan to divide India into two countries on 3 June 1947. He said that partition is the last option to solve the political problem of India.

It was said in the plan that two countries would be created by dividing India into two different parts. One India and the other Pakistan. Both the countries will have separate constitution and separate Constituent Assembly will be formed. The princely states of India were given freedom to either become a part of Pakistan or remain in India of their own accord. If you do not want to meet both, you can remain independent. On 18 July 1947, the British Parliament passed this plan.

India got independence from the Mountbatten Plan, but along with it a complex problem like Kashmir also arose, which is still a big reason for dispute between the two countries.

The launch of Operation Blue Star, which led to the assassination of Indira Gandhi
The Indian Army started Operation Blue Star on this day in 1984. The Harmandir Sahib, ie the Golden Temple complex, located in Amritsar, Punjab, was occupied by Khalistan supporter Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his supporters. This operation, which started to free the Golden Temple from the occupation of Khalistanis, lasted for 3 days. More than 500 people died in this. These included army men and officers. After heavy firing, Bhindranwale was finally killed and on 7 June the Indian Army took control of the Golden Temple.

This operation created anger in the Sikh community against Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, the result of which came only after 4 months. On 31 October 1984, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated by two of her own Sikh security personnel.

Indira Gandhi visited the Golden Temple after the operation was completed.

Due to which other important events in history is remembered on 3rd June…

2014: Cabinet minister Gopinath Munde died in a road accident.
2009: Meira Kumar was elected Lok Sabha speaker. She became the first woman speaker of Lok Sabha.
1999: During the Kargil war, Flight Captain Nachiketa Rao, who went to the Pakistani border, was handed over by Pakistan to India.
1965: Ed became the first American astronaut to walk in white space.
1962: Air France flight 007 crashes at Orly airport. Of the 132 passengers on board, 130 died.
1930: Born George Fernandes, former Defense Minister and socialist leader.
1924: Former Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M. Karunanidhi was born.
1915: The British government honored Rabindranath Tagore with the title of Knighthood. Tagore returned this title in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
1890: Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was born.